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基于socketserver实现并发的socket套接字编程

一、基于TCP协议#

基于tcp的套接字,关键就是两个循环,一个链接循环,一个通信循环

socketserver模块中分两大类:server类(解决链接问题)和request类(解决通信问题)

1.1 server类#

[126-基于socketserver实现并发的socket-server类.png?x-oss-process=style/watermark

1.2 request类#

[126-基于socketserver实现并发的socket-request类.png?x-oss-process=style/watermark

1.3 继承关系#

126-基于socketserver实现并发的socket-继承关系1.png?x-oss-process=style/watermark

126-基于socketserver实现并发的socket-继承关系2.png?x-oss-process=style/watermark

126-基于socketserver实现并发的socket-继承关系3.png?x-oss-process=style/watermark

1.4 服务端#

import socketserver
class MyHandler(socketserver.BaseRequestHandler):
def handle(self):
# 通信循环
while True:
# print(self.client_address)
# print(self.request) #self.request=conn
try:
data = self.request.recv(1024)
if len(data) == 0: break
self.request.send(data.upper())
except ConnectionResetError:
break
if __name__ == '__main__':
s = socketserver.ThreadingTCPServer(('127.0.0.1', 8080), MyHandler, bind_and_activate=True)
s.serve_forever() # 代表连接循环
# 循环建立连接,每建立一个连接就会启动一个线程(服务员)+调用Myhanlder类产生一个对象,调用该对象下的handle方法,专门与刚刚建立好的连接做通信循环

1.5 客户端#

import socket
phone = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
phone.connect(('127.0.0.1', 8080)) # 指定服务端ip和端口
while True:
# msg=input('>>: ').strip() #msg=''
msg = 'client33333' # msg=''
if len(msg) == 0: continue
phone.send(msg.encode('utf-8'))
data = phone.recv(1024)
print(data)
phone.close()

1.6 客户端#

import socket
phone = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
phone.connect(('127.0.0.1', 8080)) # 指定服务端ip和端口
while True:
# msg=input('>>: ').strip() #msg=''
msg = 'client11111' # msg=''
if len(msg) == 0: continue
phone.send(msg.encode('utf-8'))
data = phone.recv(1024)
print(data)
phone.close()

二、基于UDP协议#

2.1 服务端#

import socketserver
class MyHandler(socketserver.BaseRequestHandler):
def handle(self):
# 通信循环
print(self.client_address)
print(self.request)
data = self.request[0]
print('客户消息', data)
self.request[1].sendto(data.upper(), self.client_address)
if __name__ == '__main__':
s = socketserver.ThreadingUDPServer(('127.0.0.1', 8080), MyHandler)
s.serve_forever()

2.2 客户端#

import socket
client = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM) # 数据报协议-》udp
while True:
# msg=input('>>: ').strip() #msg=''
msg = 'client1111'
client.sendto(msg.encode('utf-8'), ('127.0.0.1', 8080))
data, server_addr = client.recvfrom(1024)
print(data)
client.close()

2.3 客户端#

import socket
client = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM) # 数据报协议-》udp
while True:
# msg=input('>>: ').strip() #msg=''
msg = 'client2222'
client.sendto(msg.encode('utf-8'), ('127.0.0.1', 8080))
data, server_addr = client.recvfrom(1024)
print(data)
client.close()

三、socketserver源码分析#

ftpserver=socketserver.ThreadingTCPServer(('127.0.0.1', 8080),FtpServer)
ftpserver.serve_forever()
  • 查找属性的顺序:ThreadingTCPServer->ThreadingMixIn->TCPServer->BaseServer
    1. 实例化得到ftpserver,先找类ThreadingTCPServer的init,在TCPServer中找到,进而执行server_bind,server_active
    2. 找ftpserver下的serve_forever,在BaseServer中找到,进而执行self._handle_request_noblock(),该方法同样是在BaseServer中
    3. 执行self._handle_request_noblock()进而执行request, client_address = self.get_request()(就是TCPServer中的self.socket.accept()),然后执行self.process_request(request, client_address)
    4. 在ThreadingMixIn中找到process_request,开启多线程应对并发,进而执行process_request_thread,执行self.finish_request(request, client_address)
    5. 上述四部分完成了链接循环,本部分开始进入处理通讯部分,在BaseServer中找到finish_request,触发我们自己定义的类的实例化,去找init方法,而我们自己定义的类没有该方法,则去它的父类也就是BaseRequestHandler中找….

3.1 源码总结#

  • 基于tcp的socketserver我们自己定义的类中的
    • self.server即套接字对象
    • self.request即一个链接
    • self.client_address即客户端地址
  • 基于udp的socketserver我们自己定义的类中的
    • self.request是一个元组(第一个元素是客户端发来的数据,第二部分是服务端的udp套接字对象),如(b’adsf’, <socket.socket fd=200, family=AddressFamily.AF_INET, type=SocketKind.SOCK_DGRAM, proto=0, laddr=(‘127.0.0.1’, 8080)>)
    • self.client_address即客户端地址